This paper explores how exaptive innovation process might be considered a useful innovation model in constraint-based environments. The research is inspired by the use of the snorkeling mask EASYBREATH as a respirator to treat patients affected by coronavirus in Italy. 

The case study results underline the importance of new digital collaboration platforms as knowledge multipliers, and illuminate on the potential of the fourth manufacturing revolution, which, through new technologies, creates opportunities for distributed forms of innovation that cross long distances.